/* Reset & Base Styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; /* Primary body font */
    background-color: #fef6f0; /* Skin tone base from user's original */
    color: #1e293b; /* Dark text from user's original */
    line-height: 1.6;
    overflow-x: hidden; /* Prevent horizontal scroll */
}

a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
}

ul {
    list-style: none;
}

/* Utility Colors & Variables (based on user's original and refined) */
:root {
    /* Original variables you provided */
    --primary-blue: #0f4c81; /* Deep Blue, from user's original CSS */
    --light-peach-bg: #fef6f0; /* From user's original CSS */
    --accent-blue-light: #3b82f6; /* From user's original CSS */
    --accent-skin: #ffe2c5; /* From user's original CSS */
    --dark-text: #1e293b; /* From user's original CSS */
    --light-grey-border: #cbd5e1; /* From user's original CSS */
    --white-bg: #ffffff;
    --light-bg-variant: #f8f8f8; /* Slightly off-white for subtle contrast */

    /* NEWLY ADDED for your navbar's background-color. */
    /* If you want it to be the same as --primary-blue, you can remove this */
    /* and change .navbar's background-color to var(--primary-blue). */
    --primary-dark-blue: #1A2A47; /* A common, slightly darker shade for primary dark blue */

    /* Refined general variables for consistency */
    --text-color-primary: var(--dark-text);
    --text-color-secondary: #475569; /* Slightly lighter dark text */
    --heading-color: var(--primary-blue);
    --button-primary-bg: var(--primary-blue);
    --button-primary-text: var(--white-bg);
    --button-secondary-border: var(--primary-blue);
    --button-secondary-text: var(--primary-blue);
    --shadow-light: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    --shadow-medium: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    --shadow-strong: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    --border-radius-sm: 4px;
    --border-radius-md: 8px;
    --border-radius-lg: 50px; /* For pill buttons */
    --spacing-xs: 5px;
    --spacing-sm: 10px;
    --spacing-md: 20px;
    --spacing-lg: 40px;
    --spacing-xl: 60px;
}
/* Reusable Container & Section Titles */
.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-md);
}

section {
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    background-color: var(--light-peach-bg); /* Default section background */
}

.section-title {
    font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
    font-size: 2.5em;
    color: var(--heading-color);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.section-title::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 80px;
    height: 4px;
    background-color: var(--accent-blue-light);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.section-description {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    color: var(--text-color-secondary);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
    max-width: 800px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}
/* CTA Buttons */
.cta-button {
    display: inline-flex; /* Use flex to align content */
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin: auto, 0;
    padding: 12px 25px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg); /* Pill shape */
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 2px solid;
    cursor: pointer;
    white-space: nowrap;
    font-size: 1em;
}

.cta-button.primary {
    background-color: var(--button-primary-bg);
    color: var(--button-primary-text);
    border-color: var(--button-primary-bg);
}

.cta-button.primary:hover {
    background-color: #0c3a64; /* Darker blue */
    border-color: #0c3a64;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px var(--shadow-medium);
}

.cta-button.secondary {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: var(--button-secondary-text);
    border-color: var(--button-secondary-border);
}

.cta-button.secondary:hover {
    background-color: var(--button-primary-bg);
    color: var(--button-primary-text);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px var(--shadow-medium);
}

/* New: Container for buttons */
.cta-buttons-container {
    display: flex; /* Use flexbox for layout */
    justify-content: center; /* Center horizontally */
    align-items: center; /* Center vertically if container has height */
    flex-wrap: wrap; /* Allow buttons to wrap to next line if needed */
    gap: 15px; /* Add some space between buttons */
}

/* Media Query for Mobile Screens */
@media (max-width: 768px) { /* Adjust this breakpoint as needed */
    .cta-buttons-container {
        /* These properties are already set above, but good to re-state for clarity in media query */
        display: flex;
        justify-content: center;
        align-items: center; /* This centers them vertically if the container has height */
        flex-direction: column; /* Stack buttons vertically on small screens */
        gap: 15px; /* Space between stacked buttons */
        width: 100%; /* Ensure container takes full width */
        padding: 10px; /* Optional: Add some padding around the buttons */
        box-sizing: border-box; /* Include padding in width calculation */
    }

    .cta-button {
        width: 80%; /* Make buttons take up more width on mobile */
        max-width: 300px; /* Limit maximum width for larger mobile devices */
        /* You might want to adjust font size or padding specifically for mobile here too */
        font-size: 0.9em; /* Example: slightly smaller font */
        padding: 10px 20px; /* Example: slightly less padding */
    }
}
/* CTA Buttons */
.cta-button {
    display: inline-flex; /* Use flex to align content */
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin: auto, 0; /* This margin property might need adjustment depending on overall layout. If you want space between buttons, consider 'gap' on the parent flex container instead. */
    padding: 12px 25px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg); /* Pill shape */
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 2px solid;
    cursor: pointer;
    white-space: nowrap;
    font-size: 1em;
}

.cta-button.primary {
    background-color: var(--button-primary-bg);
    color: var(--button-primary-text);
    border-color: var(--button-primary-bg);
}

.cta-button.primary:hover {
    background-color: #0c3a64; /* Darker blue */
    border-color: #0c3a64;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px var(--shadow-medium);
}

.cta-button.secondary {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: var(--button-secondary-text);
    border-color: var(--button-secondary-border);
}

.cta-button.secondary:hover {
    background-color: var(--button-primary-bg);
    color: var(--button-primary-text);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px var(--shadow-medium);
}

/* Styles for the hero-buttons container (applies to all screen sizes initially) */
.hero-buttons {
    display: flex; /* Enable flexbox for the container */
    justify-content: center; /* Center items horizontally within this container */
    align-items: center; /* Align items vertically (if container has height) */
    gap: 20px; /* Space between the buttons on larger screens */
    /* You might want to adjust this margin-top/bottom based on your layout */
    margin-top: 30px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}


/* Media Query for Mobile Screens */
@media (max-width: 768px) { /* Adjust this breakpoint as needed for your definition of 'mobile' */
    .hero-buttons {
        flex-direction: column; /* Stack buttons vertically on small screens */
        gap: 15px; /* Adjust gap for vertical stacking */
        width: 100%; /* Ensure container takes full width on mobile */
        padding: 0 15px; /* Optional: Add some horizontal padding to prevent buttons from touching edges */
        box-sizing: border-box; /* Include padding in width calculation */
    }

    .cta-button {
        width: 90%; /* Make buttons take up most of the width on mobile */
        max-width: 350px; /* Limit maximum width for larger mobile devices */
        font-size: 0.95em; /* Slightly adjust font size for mobile readability */
        padding: 12px 20px; /* Adjust padding for mobile */
    }
}


/* Navbar Section */
.navbar {
    background-color: var(--primary-dark-blue); /* Assuming you have this variable */
    padding: 15px 20px;
    position: sticky; /* Make it stick to the top */
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000; /* Ensure it stays above other content */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); /* Optional: add a subtle shadow */
}

.nav-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1300px; /* Adjust based on your preferred max width */
    margin: 0 auto; /* Center the container */
}

.nav-logo span {
    color: var(--white-bg); /* Assuming white text for logo */
    font-size: 1.8rem; /* Adjust font size as needed */
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none;
    cursor: default; /* If it's just text and not a link */
    user-select: none; /* Prevent text selection */
}

/* Desktop Navigation Menu */
.nav-menu {
    display: flex; /* Display horizontally on desktop */
    list-style: none; /* Remove bullet points */
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

.nav-menu li {
    margin: 0 15px; /* Space between desktop menu items */
}

.nav-link {
    color: var(--white-bg); /* Assuming white text for links */
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    padding: 8px 0;
    transition: color 0.3s ease-in-out;
    position: relative; /* For underline effect */
}

.nav-link:hover {
    color: var(--button-primary-bg); /* Example hover color (your primary button color) */
}

/* Optional: Underline effect on hover */
.nav-link::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -5px;
    left: 0;
    width: 0;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: var(--button-primary-bg);
    transition: width 0.3s ease-in-out;
}

.nav-link:hover::after {
    width: 100%;
}


/* Hamburger Icon - Hidden on Desktop by default */
.hamburger {
    display: none; /* Will be shown via media query on mobile */
    flex-direction: column;
    cursor: pointer;
    z-index: 1002; /* Ensure hamburger is above menu when active */
}

.hamburger .bar {
    height: 3px;
    width: 28px; /* Slightly wider bars */
    background-color: var(--white-bg);
    margin: 5px 0; /* More space between bars */
    transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
    border-radius: 2px; /* Slightly rounded bars */
}

/* Hamburger active state (transforms into 'X') */
.hamburger.active .bar:nth-child(2) {
    opacity: 0;
}

.hamburger.active .bar:nth-child(1) {
    transform: translateY(8px) rotate(45deg);
}

.hamburger.active .bar:nth-child(3) {
    transform: translateY(-8px) rotate(-45deg);
}


/* ----------------------- Media Query for Mobile Screens ----------------------- */
@media (max-width: 992px) { /* Adjust this breakpoint as needed, 992px is common for tablets/laptops */

    .nav-container {
        padding: 0 15px; /* Add some padding for smaller screens */
    }

    /* Show hamburger icon on mobile */
    .hamburger {
        display: flex;
    }

    /* Hide desktop navigation menu by default on mobile */
    .nav-menu {
        display: none; /* Initially hidden */
        flex-direction: column; /* Stack links vertically */
        width: 100%; /* Full width */
        position: absolute; /* Position relative to .navbar */
        top: 70px; /* Adjust based on your navbar's actual height */
        left: 0;
        background-color: var(--primary-dark-blue); /* Background for the mobile menu */
        border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1); /* Optional: Separator line */
        padding: 20px 0;
        text-align: center;
        box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); /* Stronger shadow for mobile menu */
        transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; /* Smooth transition for showing/hiding */
        opacity: 0; /* Start hidden for animation */
        transform: translateY(-20px); /* Start slightly above for animation */
        pointer-events: none; /* Prevent clicks when hidden */
        z-index: 999; /* Ensure menu is below hamburger but above content */
    }

    /* When the nav-menu has the 'active' class (added by JS) */
    .nav-menu.active {
        display: flex; /* Show the menu */
        opacity: 1; /* Fade in */
        transform: translateY(0); /* Slide into place */
        pointer-events: all; /* Enable clicks */
    }

    .nav-menu li {
        margin: 15px 0; /* Vertical space between stacked links */
    }

    .nav-link {
        font-size: 1.15rem; /* Larger links for easier tapping */
        padding: 10px 0; /* More padding for tap targets */
        display: block; /* Make links take full width for easier tapping */
    }

    /* Remove underline hover effect on mobile (optional, as it might feel clunky) */
    .nav-link::after {
        display: none;
    }
}

/* Adjust for even smaller screens if necessary (e.g., small phones) */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .nav-logo span {
        font-size: 1.5rem; /* Smaller logo on very small screens */
    }

    .hamburger .bar {
        width: 22px;
        margin: 3px 0;
    }
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero-section {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-blue) 0%, #17a2b8 100%); /* Blue to Cyan gradient */
    color: var(--white-bg);
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    text-align: center;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    min-height: calc(100vh - 80px); /* Adjust based on navbar height */
}

.hero-container {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    max-width: 900px;
    width: 100%;
}

.hero-image {
    width: 220px;
    height: 220px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 6px solid var(--white-bg);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
    animation: pulseBorder 2s infinite alternate;
}

.profile-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

@keyframes pulseBorder {
    0% {
        border-color: var(--white-bg);
        box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    }
    100% {
        border-color: var(--accent-blue-light);
        box-shadow: 0 12px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    }
}

.hero-content {
    animation: fadeInUp 1s ease-out forwards;
}

@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(20px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

.hero-quote {
    font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
    font-size: 2.8em;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    color: var(--white-bg);
    text-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.4em;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.hero-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    justify-content: center;
}

/* About Section */
.about-section {
    background-color: var(--white-bg); /* Changed to white for contrast */
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 15px var(--shadow-light);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.about-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.about-intro p {
    font-size: 1.15em;
    text-align: center;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto var(--spacing-lg) auto;
    color: var(--text-color-primary);
}

.about-details {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr)); /* Responsive grid */
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.detail-card {
    background-color: var(--light-peach-bg); /* Different background for cards */
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    border: 1px solid var(--light-grey-border); /* Added border */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px var(--shadow-light);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.detail-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 15px var(--shadow-medium);
}

.detail-card h3 {
    color: var(--heading-color);
    margin-top: 0;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-blue-light);
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

/* Services Section */
.services-section {
    background-color: var(--light-peach-bg);
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.services-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.service-card {
    background-color: var(--white-bg); /* Changed to white for contrast */
    padding: var(--spacing-lg) var(--spacing-md);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px var(--shadow-light);
    text-align: center;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
}

.service-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 15px var(--shadow-medium);
}

.service-icon {
    font-size: 3em;
    color: var(--primary-blue);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.service-card h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    color: var(--heading-color);
}

.service-card p {
    color: var(--text-color-secondary);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    flex-grow: 1; /* Makes cards of similar height */
}

.service-card .cta-button {
    margin-top: auto; /* Pushes button to the bottom */
    padding: 10px 20px;
    font-size: 0.9em;
}

/* Projects Section */
.projects-section {
    background-color: var(--white-bg); /* Changed to white for contrast */
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 15px var(--shadow-light);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.projects-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.project-card {
    background-color: var(--white-bg);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px var(--shadow-light);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    border: 1px solid var(--light-grey-border); /* Added border */
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-7px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px var(--shadow-medium);
}

.project-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 200px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.project-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

.project-card:hover .project-image img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.project-content {
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
    flex-grow: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.project-content h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    color: var(--heading-color);
}

.project-content p {
    color: var(--text-color-secondary);
    flex-grow: 1;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.tech-stack {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px;
    margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.tech-stack span {
    background-color: var(--accent-blue-light);
    color: var(--white-bg);
    padding: 5px 10px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-sm);
    font-size: 0.85em;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.project-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 5px;
    margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
    color: var(--accent-blue-light);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.project-link:hover {
    color: #0056b3; /* Darker accent blue */
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Skills Section (Categorized with Progress Bars) */
.skills-section {
    background-color: var(--light-peach-bg);
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.skills-grid-container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr)); /* Adjusted for more categories */
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.skill-category-card {
    background-color: var(--white-bg); /* White background for skill cards */
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px var(--shadow-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--light-grey-border);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.skill-category-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px var(--shadow-medium);
}

.skill-category-card h3 {
    font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--heading-color);
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    font-size: 1.8em;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-blue-light);
    padding-bottom: 10px;
}

.skill-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 15px; /* Space between skill items */
}

.skill-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 10px;
}

.skill-item span:first-child {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 120px; /* Fixed width for skill name */
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text-color-primary);
}

.skill-bar-wrapper {
    flex-grow: 1;
    background-color: var(--light-grey-border);
    height: 10px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.skill-bar {
    height: 100%;
    background-color: var(--primary-blue);
    border-radius: 5px;
    transition: width 0.8s ease-in-out;
}

.skill-percent {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 45px; /* Fixed width for percentage text */
    text-align: right;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-blue);
}

/* Experience Section */
.experience-section {
    background-color: var(--white-bg);
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.experience-timeline {
    max-width: 900px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.experience-item {
    width: 100%;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 40px; /* space for timeline dot */
}

.experience-item::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 20px;
    width: 16px;
    height: 16px;
    background-color: var(--primary-blue);
    border: 3px solid var(--accent-blue-light);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 1;
}

.experience-date {
    font-weight: bold;
    color: var(--text-color-secondary);
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    font-size: 0.95em;
}

.experience-content {
    background-color: var(--light-peach-bg);
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px var(--shadow-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--light-grey-border);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    text-align: left;
}

.experience-content:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px var(--shadow-medium);
}

.company-logo {
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    object-fit: contain;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    flex-shrink: 0;
    background-color: transparent;
}

.experience-content h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    color: var(--heading-color);
}

.experience-content p {
    margin-bottom: 0;
    color: var(--text-color-primary);
}


/* Academic Path Section */
.academic-section {
    background-color: var(--white-bg); /* Changed for contrast */
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 15px var(--shadow-light);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.academic-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.academic-card {
    background-color: var(--light-peach-bg); /* Changed for contrast */
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px var(--shadow-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--light-grey-border);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.academic-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px var(--shadow-medium);
}

.academic-card h3 {
    font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--heading-color);
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    font-size: 1.8em;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-blue-light);
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.academic-icon {
    font-size: 1.2em;
    color: var(--accent-blue-light);
}

.academic-item {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--light-grey-border);
}

.academic-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.academic-item h4 {
    color: var(--text-color-primary);
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    font-size: 1.2em;
}

.academic-item p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--text-color-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95em;
}

.academic-duration {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-blue);
    margin-top: 5px;
}

.academic-description {
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 0.9em;
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.certifications-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 15px;
}

.cert-item {
    padding-bottom: 15px;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--light-grey-border);
}
.cert-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.cert-item .cert-name {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-blue);
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 3px;
    font-size: 1.1em;
}

.cert-item .cert-provider {
    font-size: 0.9em;
    color: var(--text-color-secondary);
}

/* Community & Engagements Section */
.engagements-section {
    background-color: var(--light-peach-bg);
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.engagements-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.engagement-card {
    background-color: var(--white-bg);
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px var(--shadow-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--light-grey-border);
    text-align: center;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    display: flex; /* Make it a flex container */
    flex-direction: column; /* Stack children vertically */
    align-items: center; /* Center content horizontally */
}

.engagement-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px var(--shadow-medium);
}

/* --- NEW / MODIFIED RULES FOR ENGAGEMENT IMAGES --- */
.event-image {
    width: 100%; /* Take full width of parent card */
    height: 180px; /* Fixed height for consistency, adjust as needed */
    overflow: hidden; /* Hide anything outside this box */
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-sm);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    /* background-color: #f0f0f0;  Optional fallback background if image fails to load */
    display: flex; /* Use flex to center image if it's smaller than container */
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
}

.event-image img {
    width: 100%; /* Make image fill the event-image div */
    height: 100%; /* Make image fill the event-image div */
    object-fit: cover; /* Crop and cover the area without distorting aspect ratio */
    display: block; /* Remove extra space below image if it's inline */
}
/* --- END NEW / MODIFIED RULES --- */


.engagement-card h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    color: var(--heading-color);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.engagement-card p {
    color: var(--text-color-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    flex-grow: 1; /* Allow paragraph to take up available space, pushing content down */
}


/* Dark Mode Adjustments for Testimonials */
.dark-mode .testimonials-section {
    background-color: var(--dark-mode-bg); /* Darker background */
}

.dark-mode .testimonial-card {
    background-color: var(--dark-mode-card-bg); /* Darker card background */
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); /* Stronger shadow for dark mode */
}

.dark-mode .testimonial-text {
    color: var(--dark-mode-text-color);
}

.dark-mode .testimonial-author {
    color: var(--primary-color-dark-mode); /* Or a slightly different accent color for dark mode */
}

.dark-mode .testimonial-info {
    color: var(--dark-mode-text-color-light);
}

.dark-mode .testimonial-email,
.dark-mode .testimonial-relationship,
.dark-mode .testimonial-date {
    background-color: var(--dark-mode-bg-alt); /* A darker background for these tags */
    color: var(--dark-mode-text-color);
}

.dark-mode .testimonial-form-section {
    background-color: var(--dark-mode-card-bg);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.dark-mode .testimonial-form label {
    color: var(--dark-mode-text-color);
}

.dark-mode .testimonial-form input[type="text"],
.dark-mode .testimonial-form input[type="email"],
.dark-mode .testimonial-form textarea,
.dark-mode .testimonial-form select {
    background-color: var(--dark-mode-bg-alt); /* Darker background for inputs */
    border-color: var(--dark-mode-border-color);
    color: var(--dark-mode-text-color);
}

.dark-mode .testimonial-form input::placeholder,
.dark-mode .testimonial-form textarea::placeholder {
    color: #888; /* Lighter placeholder text in dark mode */
}

.dark-mode .testimonial-form input[type="text"]:focus,
.dark-mode .testimonial-form input[type="email"]:focus,
.dark-mode .testimonial-form textarea:focus,
.dark-mode .testimonial-form select:focus {
    border-color: var(--primary-color-dark-mode);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(var(--primary-color-rgb), 0.3);
}

/* Contact Section */
.contact-section {
    background-color: var(--primary-blue); /* Dark background for contrast */
    color: var(--white-bg);
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.contact-section .section-title {
    color: var(--white-bg);
}

.contact-section .section-title::after {
    background-color: var(--accent-blue-light);
}

.contact-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.contact-info {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1); /* Slightly transparent white */
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: space-between;
}

.contact-info h3 {
    color: var(--white-bg);
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 1.8em;
}

.contact-info p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    text-align: center;
}

.contact-info ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.contact-info ul li {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
}

.contact-info ul li i {
    margin-right: 10px;
    color: var(--accent-blue-light);
    font-size: 1.2em;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.contact-info ul li strong {
    color: var(--white-bg);
}

.social-links-contact {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: var(--spacing-md);
}

.social-links-contact a {
    color: var(--white-bg);
    font-size: 1.8em;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;
}

.social-links-contact a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-blue-light);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.contact-form-container {
    background-color: var(--white-bg); /* Changed for contrast */
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px var(--shadow-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--light-grey-border);
}

.contact-form-container h3 {
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--heading-color);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    font-size: 1.8em;
}

.contact-form-container .cta-button {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-sm);
    padding: 15px;
    font-size: 1.1em;
}

/* Footer Section */
.footer-section {
    background-color: var(--primary-blue);
    color: var(--white-bg);
    padding: var(--spacing-lg) 0 20px 0;
    font-size: 0.95em;
    box-shadow: 0 -2px 10px var(--shadow-medium);
}

.footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr)); /* More compact columns */
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.footer-col {
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) 0;
}

.footer-about {
    text-align: left;
}

.footer-logo {
    font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
    font-size: 1.6em;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--white-bg);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.footer-tagline {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.footer-links-group, .footer-contact-info {
    text-align: left;
}

.footer-col h4 {
    color: var(--accent-blue-light);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    font-size: 1.2em;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 5px;
}

.footer-col h4::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 40px;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: var(--accent-blue-light);
}

.footer-links-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.footer-links-list li {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.footer-links-list li a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.footer-links-list li a:hover {
    color: var(--white-bg);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.footer-social-icons {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    margin-top: var(--spacing-md);
    justify-content: flex-start; /* Align to start for footer-about */
}

.footer-social-icons a {
    color: var(--white-bg);
    font-size: 1.5em;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;
}

.footer-social-icons a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-blue-light);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.footer-contact-info address {
    font-style: normal; /* Remove italic for address */
}

.footer-contact-info p {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
}

.footer-contact-info p i {
    margin-right: 10px;
    color: var(--accent-blue-light);
    font-size: 1.1em;
}

.footer-bottom {
    text-align: center;
    padding-top: var(--spacing-md);
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    font-size: 0.85em;
}

.footer-bottom p {
    margin: 5px 0;
}

/* Responsive Adjustments */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .nav-menu {
        flex-direction: column;
        width: 100%;
        text-align: center;
        background-color: var(--primary-blue);
        position: absolute;
        top: 80px; /* Below navbar */
        left: 0;
        transform: translateX(-100%);
        transition: transform 0.3s ease-in-out;
        box-shadow: 0 8px 15px var(--shadow-medium);
        padding: var(--spacing-md) 0;
        z-index: 999;
    }

    .nav-menu.active {
        transform: translateX(0);
    }

    .nav-menu li {
        margin: 15px 0;
    }

    .hamburger {
        display: flex;
    }

    .hero-quote {
        font-size: 2.2em;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 1.2em;
    }

    .hero-buttons {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .cta-button {
        width: 80%;
        max-width: 300px;
    }

    .about-details,
    .services-grid,
    .projects-grid,
    .skills-grid-container,
    .academic-grid,
    .engagements-grid,
    .testimonials-content, /* This will stack testimonials grid and form */
    .contact-content,
    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .experience-timeline::before {
        left: 20px; /* Align timeline to left for mobile */
    }

    .experience-item {
        width: 100%;
        padding-left: 40px; /* Adjust padding for left-aligned content */
        text-align: left; /* Ensure text alignment is consistent */
    }

    .experience-item:nth-child(odd),
    .experience-item:nth-child(even) {
        left: 0;
        padding-right: 0;
    }

    .experience-item::after {
        left: 13px !important; /* Adjust circle position */
        right: auto !important;
    }

    .experience-item:nth-child(odd) .experience-content {
        align-items: flex-start; /* Align content to the left for all items on mobile */
        text-align: left; /* Align text to the left for all items on mobile */
    }
}